Writers On Writing / Developing a deeper knowledge of technical possibilities with Anthony Macris


‘Most readers are after compelling stories and interesting characters. The exploration of human experience is a never-ending source of fascination, and story is the great laboratory for articulating this experience.’


Writers on Writing is our regular conversation with a writer or industry professional about the writing craft, industry insights, and their own practice. This week, we spoke to Anthony Macris about developing technical writing knowledge to navigate the maze of questions about timelines, novel length, point of view and plot. 

When shaping and sequencing events to produce compelling storylines, how important is it to use linear time? Must narratives go from point A to point B? 

With story and timelines, there’s a huge range of possibilities in how you can order events. The things you need to keep in mind are whether or not your choices will serve the story, and meet the expectations of your readership. Linear time has strong advantages, especially in terms of providing a main frame for a story that gives the reader a clear structure. With the right dramatic material, it provides driving forward momentum that keeps the reader turning the page.

The problem is that linear time can get a bit plodding. The use of foreshadowing and flashbacks can add structural interest and complexity and complicate narrative in interesting ways. The problem here can be your skill level as a writer. In terms of the novel, it can take a while to achieve the level of experience needed to juggle a story with complex timelines. It helps enormously if you understand your options before you embark on a big project. Going in blind can work, but it can also lead to false starts and, at worst, failed attempts.  

So one of the things my course aims to do is to give a clear overview of some of the main possibilities when it comes to structuring a temporal schema for any given story. If you get a feel for the main patterns, it can make things a lot easier.

What are some of the different considerations when structuring either short stories or longer fiction? For example, is it better to limit the point of view and timeframes in short fiction? 

Short stories are a wonderful but challenging form. Because they’re short, you can try things out, experiment, increase your repertoire of techniques without putting all your eggs in one basket. That said, they can be as hard to pull off as a good poem. A common mistake people make with short stories is that they try to incorporate too many elements. Let’s say you’ve got a rough idea your piece will be 3,000 words or so. How many points of view can you include without it feeling overstuffed and confusing? How many characters and storylines? How many time frames? Any good piece of writing displays a harmony of proportions between the various elements, and makes sure they contribute to the satisfying dramatic impact of the whole. Another guiding principle is what length your story requires for its proper development. An idea that is great for a short story can become thin and insubstantial stretched out to novel length. Conversely, a premise that has strong potential for development will feel stifled within the confines of a shorter narrative form.

What is the relationship between point of view, time, and story/plot? Are they each as fundamental to crafting a great narrative as one another? 

Great question! Maybe sibling rivalry? Fractious band members all vying for attention in their various ways? Joking aside, what we do know is that they all need to pull together to provide a fully-realised reading experience. The problem is that story/plot is the show pony, the one that gets all the attention. And, in many ways, rightly so. Most readers are after compelling stories and interesting characters. The exploration of human experience is a never-ending source of fascination, and story is the great laboratory for articulating this experience.
 
That said, stories can’t be told effectively without the required command of technique, and this is where point of view and time can be overlooked. You can only get so far by approaching them intuitively, or on the basis of general reading. At some point, whatever story you’re working on will pose certain questions, and you will have to be able to answer them. Is third person really the best POV for this particular story? And what kind of third person? Restricted or unrestricted? Both, you say? Well, how do I alternate between the two? Or should I go for multiple first person? If I do, how will that affect the story and time frames? Before you know it, you’re in a maze of possibilities. Having a deeper knowledge of those possibilities will help you navigate that maze, and produce well-structured writing that fully develops your ideas.


Anthony Macris is Professor of Creative Writing at the University of Technology Sydney. His best-selling memoir, When Horse Became Saw: a family’s journey through autism, was shortlisted for the 2012 Prime Minister’s Literary Awards. His most recent book is Aftershocks: Selected writings and interviews (UWAP 2019).

Join Anthony’s course, Craft of Fiction: Form and Structure, starting on Saturday 5 April 2025. Enrol here >>

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